Global Climate Governance

Brazil's Leadership in Rebuilding Multilateralism and Climate Justice

Abstract

This article examines climate governance and social participation as central dimensions for confronting the climate crisis and building new forms of development, adopting historical and documentary analysis as its method. It begins by reviewing the regulatory frameworks of environmental governance both internationally. Based on this trajectory, the study highlights institutional advances and recent setbacks that have impacted the capacity of the State and the international community to implement consistent policies. The study considers the understanding of climate governance as a multi-level, multi-stakeholder process, in which social participation plays a structuring role to ensure legitimacy and efficiency. The analysis concludes that Brazil's presidency of COP30 in Belém represents a strategic opportunity to reposition the country as a global climate leader. This leadership, however, will depend on the consolidation of participatory governance and the strengthening of multilateralism, capable of aligning mitigation, adaptation, and financing strategies with the defense of human rights and socio-environmental justice.